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Friedrich Overbeck, the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 1855

Photo: © Rheinisches Bildarchiv Köln

This oil painting of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, which is more than four metres high, was commissioned by the Düsseldorf Art Society and completed by the Late Nazarene painter Friedrich Overbeck in 1855 during the Catholic Revival Movement of the nineteenth century. It originally hung in the Lady Chapel, where it decorated the neo-Gothic altar designed by Friedrich Zwirner. This altar was demolished in 1949 and replaced by Stefan Lochner’s altar-piece of the city’s patron saints. Overbeck combined the theme of the Assumption with elements generally found in paintings of the Immaculata Conceptio (Immaculate Conception). Above Mary’s empty grave, around which the Apostles are gathered, the Madonna hovers in a mandorla framed by eight angels. The inclusion of the forefathers, prophets, kings, and women of the Old Testament in the middle section of the painting is not typical of paintings of the Assumption. They are in fact more typical of Baroque Immaculata paintings because the words and deeds of these Old Testament characters were interpreted as heralding the Immaculate Conception.